(1409) Directing: Job rotation, Job enlargement, and Job enrichment to motivate employees

With job rotation, workers who spend all their time in one routine task can instead move from one task to another. Rather than dishing out the pasta in a cafeteria line all day, a person might work the pasta, then the salads, and then the vegetables or desserts. Job rotation is intended to alleviate boredom by giving people different things to do at different times. As you may guess, job rotation may simply move the person from one boring job to another. But job rotation can benefit everyone when done properly, with people’s input and career interests in mind.

Job enlargement is similar to job rotation in that people are given different tasks to do. But while job rotation involves doing one task at one time and changing to a different task at a different time, job enlargement assigns the worker multiple tasks at the same time. Thus an assembly worker’s job is enlarged if he or she is given two tasks to perform rather than one. In a study of job enlargement in a financial services organization, enlarged jobs led to higher job satisfaction, better error detection by clerks, and improved customer service.

More profound changes occur when jobs are enriched. Job enrichment means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility. This practice includes giving people not only more tasks but higher-level ones, such as when decisions are delegated downward and authority is decentralized. Efforts to redesign jobs by enriching them are now common in the American industry. The first approach to job enrichment was Herzberg’s two-factor theory, followed by the Hackman and Oldham model.





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With job rotation, workers who spend all their time in one routine task can instead move from one task to another. Rather than dishing out the pasta in a cafeteria line all day, a person might work the pasta, then the salads, and then the vegetables or desserts. Job rotation is intended to alleviate boredom by giving people different things to do at different times. As you may guess, job rotation may simply move the person from one boring job to another. But job rotation can benefit everyone when done properly, with people’s input and career interests in mind.

Job enlargement is similar to job rotation in that people are given different tasks to do. But while job rotation involves doing one task at one time and changing to a different task at a different time, job enlargement assigns the worker multiple tasks at the same time. Thus an assembly worker’s job is enlarged if he or she is given two tasks to perform rather than one. In a study of job enlargement in a financial services organization, enlarged jobs led to higher job satisfaction, better error detection by clerks, and improved customer service.

More profound changes occur when jobs are enriched. Job enrichment means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility. This practice includes giving people not only more tasks but higher-level ones, such as when decisions are delegated downward and authority is decentralized. Efforts to redesign jobs by enriching them are now common in the American industry. The first approach to job enrichment was Herzberg’s two-factor theory, followed by the Hackman and Oldham model.



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